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Genus: Zizania
©Tony Rozewski
A source of sustenance. A cultural treasure. A vital component of aquatic ecosystems. Wild rice is a plant that is many things.
Habitat
Look for wild rice in wetlands, shallow lakes, and slow-moving rivers. Various species can be found around the world. In North America, you’ll find it from Alberta to New Brunswick in Canada, while in the United States it is centered in the northern Midwest – Great Lakes region and along the east coast.
Food
The roots of wild rice absorb minerals and nutrients from the water and soil. They send up long stems that stick above the water, with many narrow leaves that help make food through photosynthesis.
Behaviour
Wild rice is not related to domestic rice, like white or brown rice. It is actually a grass with an edible grain. In some areas where it is found, it grows very thick, covering the surface of the water. It is annual plant, meaning it grows from seed each year. Beavers, fish, ducks, and geese are some of the animals that feed on it, while loons and muskrats will use it for nests and lodges.
Conservation
Wild rice is a sacred food and symbol of great cultural significance for Indigenous People. Maintaining
traditional harvesting areas and methods is an important activity in many communities. Harvested wild rice is important as a crop too, being available in grocery stores in many places. Climate change and shoreline development for recreation threaten its cultural and natural importance.
